Astronomy: Some Facts

Posted by Georgy | 11/08/2009

By Colin Jones

How much is there to be known or learned about all the objects and phenomenon in the entire universe? Remember that there are about 1 x 10 ^22 stars in the universe, that's 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 stars; then that many of those stars have planets spinning around them. Then think about all the moons that orbit those planets and the comets and asteroids, the galaxies these stars form, the nebulae and black holes and everything else that's out there. The amount of information and data is really quite staggering. This article certainly won't contain every fact about astronomy. But they are very interesting facts nevertheless.

We will start by taking a look at a small section of astronomy: "the brightest stars seen from the Earth". That is excepting the Sun which is roughly 250,000 times nearer than the next nearest star. In fact, it is so bright that when the sky is viewed from the Earth, it blinds out all the other stars in the sky during a phenomenon called daytime.

So, while reading this list, please bear in mind that according to the scale we are using, lower numbers are brighter: the Sun would be roughly -26.73, whereas the full moon is about -12.6; keeping that in mind, here are the top 5:

#5 is Vega, which means "falling eagle" in Arabic is in Lyra. It's roughly 25 light years away and has a magnitude of 0.04.

NB: when thinking about this astronomical information, please just bear in mind that the 'brightest from the Earth' doesn't mean 'largest' or 'brightest'. The Sun is not the largest or brightest star in the universe or even the galaxy by any means, but it seems to be so bright to us because we are near to it compared to the other stars.

#4 Rigel Kentaurus is a very bright, bluish-white supergiant star in the constellation of Orion. It is a binary star, with an average apparent magnitude of 0.12. It's scientific name is Beta Orionis. 'Rigel Kentaurus' is Arabic for the 'foot of the centaur'. It's about four light years from Earth.

#3 is Arcturus. The name is Latin/Greek and means 'guardian of the bear'. This star is roughly 37 light years away. It is in the constellation of Bootes, behind The Great Bear. It has a magnitude of 0.00

#2 Canopus. Of these top five, Canopus, the Greek name for the pilot of the vessel Argo made famous in the stories about Jason and the Argonauts, is the brightest. But it's 313 light years from Earth, so it's just second on this list as seen from Earth. It has a magnitude of -.62 as seen from this planet.

#1 is Sirius, which translate from the Greek as 'scorching'. It's also sometimes called the 'Dog Star' because it is the brightest star in the constellation of Canis Major, which means 'The Big Dog' in Latin. It is situated only 9 light years from Earth, which makes it easily the second closest of these top five. It has a magnitude of -1.44, which makes it very easily the brightest star that can be observed in the night sky.

This information doesn't even scratch the surface on the subject of astronomy facts but it's something to consider next time you look into the night sky.

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